Definition of welding according to the American Welding Society, 1989
Welding is the process of metallic or non metallic connection made by heating the material to be connected to the welding temperature is carried out: with or without the use of pressure (pressure), only the pressure (pressure), or with or without using a filler metal (filler)
Definition of welding according to the British Standards Institution, 1983
Welding is the process of switching between two or more materials in a plastic or liquid state using thermal (heat) or pressure (pressure) or both. Metal filler (filler metal) with a melting temperature equal to the melting point of the parent metal can be used within or without the splicing process.
Historians estimate that the ancient Egyptians began using welding with pressure in the year 5500 BC (to create by hammering sheets of copper piping that edges close to each other). Bendaseni Winterton said that the Egyptians made in the year 3000 BC consists of the base material of copper and gold smelting and beating results. This type of welding, which is called welding wrought (forge welding), is the first human effort in connecting two pieces of metal. Welding example is the famous ancient forging Damascus swords are made with forged iron layers of different nature.
Welding forging has evolved and important to the ancient Romans so that they refer to as a god Vulcan (the god of fire and metalworking) for the state of art. Now the word is used for retreading rubber with sulfur treatment process, but the first word means "hardened". These days welding wrought practically been abandoned and the last made by a blacksmith.
Years 1901-1903 Fouché and Picard developed a welding rod that can be used with acetylene (carbide gas), so since it began the era of welding and cutting oksiasetilen (carbide gas oxygen). Period between 1903 and 1918 was a period of use of welding mainly as a way of improvement, and the most rapid growth occurred during World War I (1914-1918). proven welding technique can be applied mainly to repair the damaged ship. Winterton reported that in 1917 there were 103 enemy ships in the U.S. are broken and the number of workers in welding operations increased from 8000 to 33 000 during the period 1914-1918. After 1919, the use of welding as construction and manufacturing techniques began to evolve with the first electrode alloy (alloy) the copper-tungsten for welding point in 1920. In the period 1930-1950 occurred a considerable increase in the development of welding machines. Sunset flame arc welding process (submerged) the arc flame sealed under a flux powder first used commercially in 1934 and patented in 1935. Now there are more than 50 kinds of welding processes that can be used to connect various metals and alloys.
Welding that we see today is much more complex and highly developed. Advances in welding technology is so rapidly until 1877. Prior to 1877, forging welding and soldering process has been used for 3000 years. The origin of the electrical resistance welding (resistance welding) began around 1877 when Prof. Elihu Thompson began experiments on the reversal of the polarity of the transformer windings, he received his first patent in 1885 and blunt the electrical resistance welding machine (resistance butt welding) was first exhibited at the American Institute Fair in 1887.
In 1889, Coffin was given a patent for welding flame blunt particles (flash-butt welding) welding process is a blunt one that matters. Zerner in 1885 introduced the flame carbon arc welding process (carbon arc welding) using two carbon electrodes, and NG Slavinoff in 1888 in Russia was the first to use the flame of metal arc process using bare electrode (without coating). Coffin also working independently investigate the flame of metal arc process and received a patent in the United States in 1892. In 1889, A.P. Strohmeyer introduced the concept of a coated metal electrode to eliminate the many problems that arise in the use of bare electrodes. Thomas Fletcher in 1887 wearing inflatable tube of hydrogen and oxygen are burned, and show that it can cut or melt the metal. At this present time welding technique has been used widely utilized in various fields. Wide use of welding technology due to buildings and machinery are made by means of welding techniques are becoming cheaper.
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